The second chapter of the NCERT Class 10 Sanskrit Vyakaranavithi book is titled ‘Sangya Evam Paribhasha Prakaran’ (संज्ञा एवं परिभाषा प्रकरण). This chapter explains two essential concepts in Sanskrit grammar — Sangya (definition or naming) and Paribhasha (grammatical rules or interpretations). These concepts are the foundation of Sanskrit grammar because they help in understanding how words, terms, and rules are classified and applied. Students can now download the official NCERT Class 10 Sanskrit Chapter 2 PDF directly from the NCERT website and use it for detailed study.
I’m writing about this chapter because it often confuses students who are new to Sanskrit grammar. While Varna Vichar (Chapter 1) focuses on sounds and letters, this chapter goes one step ahead by explaining how those sounds and letters form meaningful words and grammatical identities. Understanding Sangya and Paribhasha is not only useful for exams but also helps students see the logical structure behind Sanskrit grammar. This article provides a brief overview of the chapter, explains its importance, and gives the correct way to download the NCERT PDF for your studies.
About NCERT Class 10 Sanskrit Vyakaranavithi
The Vyakaranavithi book forms an important part of the NCERT Sanskrit syllabus for Class 10. It helps students build a strong base in Sanskrit grammar and understand how the language functions through structured rules and logic. Each chapter is designed to introduce students to a new aspect of Sanskrit grammar, beginning with Varna Vichar and followed by Sangya Evam Paribhasha Prakaran, which sets the stage for deeper grammatical learning.
What is ‘Sangya Evam Paribhasha Prakaran’?
The word Sangya means “name” or “definition,” and in grammar, it refers to the specific terms used to describe different elements of the language — for example, linga (gender), vachana (number), and karaka (case). Paribhasha refers to the grammatical rules or guiding principles that help in understanding how these terms are applied in different contexts.
Key Concepts Explained in the Chapter
- Sangya (संज्ञा) – These are technical terms given to linguistic categories or concepts. For instance, nouns, verbs, and suffixes each have their own Sangya.
- Paribhasha (परिभाषा) – These are interpretative rules that explain how and when certain grammatical principles should be applied. They act as a guideline for using Sutras (aphorisms) correctly.
| Concept | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Sangya | Definition or naming of a grammatical term | ‘Kāraka Sangya’ (the name given to cases) |
| Paribhasha | Interpretation rule or guiding statement | ‘Ekadesh Sthānī Bhavati’ (a rule of substitution) |
These concepts are used throughout Sanskrit grammar books like Ashtadhyayi by Panini and are important for understanding how Sanskrit maintains logical consistency.
Importance of Chapter 2 for Class 10 Students
This chapter is not just theoretical. It helps students learn how grammatical rules are built and why certain terms are used in specific ways. In board exams, direct questions often come from this chapter — such as definitions of Sangya and Paribhasha, along with examples.
By learning these rules early, students gain clarity when they reach advanced topics like Sandhi, Samasa, and Taddhita. Understanding Paribhashas also prevents confusion when similar-looking grammatical structures are used differently.
NCERT Class 10 Sanskrit – Vyakaranavithi Chapter 2 PDF Download
The official NCERT Class 10 Sanskrit Vyakaranavithi Chapter 2 PDF संज्ञा एवं परिभाषा प्रकरण can be downloaded easily from here.
