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NCERT Class 12 English Flamingo Chapter 2: Lost Spring PDF Summary & Download

Lost Spring by Anees Jung is the second chapter in the Class 12 English Flamingo textbook. This story is not fiction—it brings out the harsh truth of child labour in India. Through two real-life narratives, the chapter shows the lost childhood of children who are forced into work due to poverty. The story follows Saheb,

NCERT Class 12 English Flamingo Chapter 2: Lost Spring

Lost Spring by Anees Jung is the second chapter in the Class 12 English Flamingo textbook. This story is not fiction—it brings out the harsh truth of child labour in India. Through two real-life narratives, the chapter shows the lost childhood of children who are forced into work due to poverty. The story follows Saheb, a ragpicker from Seemapuri near Delhi, and a boy from Firozabad who works in the glass-blowing industry. Both stories speak about lost dreams, lost potential, and a lost spring—the beautiful season of childhood.

I chose to write about Lost Spring because it still mirrors the reality of many Indian children. Even today, thousands of children work on streets, in factories or in houses instead of going to school. It is easy to ignore them when we’re caught up in our own lives. But reading this chapter makes you pause and think. This is not just for exam preparation. It’s important for young readers to be aware of the unequal world around them. The more we understand these stories, the more we feel responsible as citizens to bring some change—even in small ways. That’s why I feel this chapter should be understood with empathy, not just remembered for marks.

Summary of Lost Spring

The chapter Lost Spring: Stories of Stolen Childhood is divided into two parts. Each part tells the story of a child who has lost his childhood because of poverty and social pressure.

Part I: Sometimes I find a rupee in the garbage

  • This part talks about Saheb, a ragpicker boy who lives in Seemapuri. He once had a home in Dhaka, Bangladesh, but his family moved to India after storms destroyed their fields.
  • Now, Saheb roams the streets barefoot, collecting garbage. He doesn’t go to school because his family can’t afford education.
  • Even though he works, Saheb remains cheerful. But deep inside, he dreams of a better life—one with proper clothes, shoes, and schooling.
  • When he gets a job at a tea stall, he earns ₹800 a month. But he is no longer his own master. His name means “Saheb-e-Alam” (Lord of the Universe), but in reality, he has nothing.

Part II: I want to drive a car

  • This part is based in Firozabad, the hub of India’s glass-blowing industry.
  • Here, children like Mukesh are born into families that have been making bangles for generations.
  • The work is dangerous. They work near hot furnaces all day, and most of them lose their eyesight at a young age.
  • The sad part is that these children and their families don’t even dream of anything else. They believe it is their fate.
  • But Mukesh is different. He wants to be a motor mechanic. He wants to break the cycle.

Themes and Messages

Here are the key messages from Lost Spring:

  • Child Labour: The chapter highlights how children are pushed into work instead of getting a proper childhood.
  • Poverty and Helplessness: Both stories show how poverty forces families to make tough choices.
  • Loss of Innocence: Children like Saheb and Mukesh have dreams, but life takes those dreams away.
  • Hope and Change: Mukesh’s small but strong dream shows that change is possible, even in the toughest situations.

Character Sketch

CharacterDescription
SahebA ragpicker from Seemapuri, full of dreams but stuck in poverty.
MukeshA bangle maker from Firozabad, who wants to become a motor mechanic.
Anees JungThe writer, who observes and shares these children’s lives through her thoughtful narration.

Download PDF – NCERT Class 12 Flamingo Chapter 2

You can download the official PDF of Lost Spring from this website. It’s free and accessible to all.

NCERT Class 12 English Flamingo Chapter 2: Lost Spring

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NCERT Class 12 Sociology Part 2 Chapter 8: Social Movements PDF Download

Social movements have always been a powerful force for change in society, and NCERT Class 12 Sociology Part 2 Chapter 8 focuses on understanding their forms, causes, and impact. The chapter explains how movements arise, the role of leadership, and how they influence both policies and public opinion. It also discusses the differences between social

NCERT Class 12 Sociology Part 2 Chapter 8: Social Movements

Social movements have always been a powerful force for change in society, and NCERT Class 12 Sociology Part 2 Chapter 8 focuses on understanding their forms, causes, and impact. The chapter explains how movements arise, the role of leadership, and how they influence both policies and public opinion. It also discusses the differences between social movements and other collective actions like protests or campaigns.

I am writing about this topic because students often find it difficult to connect textbook theory with real-life events. This chapter is important as it gives clarity on why social movements occur, how they are sustained, and how they shape society in the long run. Understanding this is not only essential for exam preparation but also for developing awareness as responsible citizens. For instance, movements like the Chipko Movement, Civil Rights Movement, or farmers’ protests are rooted in the same principles discussed in this chapter. By studying this topic, students can relate classroom learning to the real world and also develop critical thinking on social change.

Overview of Social Movements in Sociology

In sociology, social movements are defined as organised efforts by a large group of people to bring about or resist change in society. The chapter categorises movements into different types:

  • Reformist movements – Aim to change specific laws or policies without altering the entire system.
  • Revolutionary movements – Seek to completely change the political, social, or economic order.
  • Reactionary movements – Work towards resisting or reversing changes in society.
  • Redemptive movements – Focus on changing individuals’ lives rather than structural changes.

The NCERT text also explains that social movements have four main stages – emergence, coalescence, bureaucratisation, and decline. Examples like the Dalit movement, women’s rights movements, and environmental movements help students understand these concepts better.

Key Features Discussed in the Chapter

  • Movements can be short-term or long-term depending on their goals and public support.
  • Leadership and organisation play a big role in sustaining the movement.
  • Media often acts as a catalyst by spreading awareness and gathering public opinion.
  • Social movements are different from riots or spontaneous protests because they have a clear objective and planned strategies.

Why This Chapter is Relevant for Students

Understanding social movements helps students not only in sociology but also in subjects like political science, history, and current affairs. It strengthens analytical skills and helps in competitive exams like UPSC, where social change is a key theme.

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Students who want to read the full chapter can download the official NCERT Class 12 Sociology Part 2 Chapter 8: Social Movements PDF from this website:

NCERT Class 12 Sociology Part 2 Chapter 8: Social Movements

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