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NCERT Class 12 Psychology Chapter 6: Attitude and Social Cognition PDF Download

NCERT Class 12 Psychology Chapter 6, Attitude and Social Cognition, explains how our thoughts, beliefs, and perceptions influence the way we behave with others. It covers the formation of attitudes, factors that change them, and the process of understanding people’s actions in social situations. This chapter also highlights concepts like stereotypes, prejudice, and impression formation,

NCERT Class 12 Psychology Chapter 6: Attitude and Social Cognition

NCERT Class 12 Psychology Chapter 6, Attitude and Social Cognition, explains how our thoughts, beliefs, and perceptions influence the way we behave with others. It covers the formation of attitudes, factors that change them, and the process of understanding people’s actions in social situations. This chapter also highlights concepts like stereotypes, prejudice, and impression formation, which are important for both exams and real-life understanding of human behaviour.

I chose to write about this topic because attitudes and social thinking shape how we see the world and how the world sees us. In everyday life, whether it’s making friends, working in a team, or understanding news and events, our social cognition plays a big role. Students often focus on rote learning, but this chapter gives practical insights into human interaction, which is useful in careers like psychology, marketing, public relations, and even politics. By giving you direct access to the official NCERT PDF, I want to make sure you have reliable study material. This chapter is not just about definitions—it teaches us how to question stereotypes, build positive attitudes, and become more aware of our own biases, which is essential in a diverse society like ours.

Overview of Chapter 6: Attitude and Social Cognition

This chapter includes:

  • Meaning of Attitude – What attitudes are and how they influence behaviour.
  • Formation of Attitudes
    • Direct personal experiences.
    • Influence of family, peers, and media.
    • Cultural and social background.
  • Attitude Change
    • Persuasion techniques.
    • Role of communication and credibility.
    • Cognitive dissonance and attitude adjustment.
  • Social Cognition – How we interpret others’ actions and intentions.
  • Attribution – Understanding causes of behaviour.
  • Stereotypes and Prejudice – Their effects on society and ways to reduce them.

Key Takeaways for Students

  1. Attitudes can be learned and changed over time.
  2. Media and peer groups strongly influence our social thinking.
  3. Prejudice can be reduced through awareness and positive contact.
  4. Social perception affects decision-making in everyday life.

Simple Examples to Understand Better

  • Changing your opinion about a food after trying it.
  • Misjudging someone’s behaviour because of a stereotype.
  • Believing a rumour because it was told by a trusted friend.

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NCERT Class 12 Psychology Chapter 6: Attitude and Social Cognition

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NCERT Class 12 Sociology Part 1 Chapter 5: Patterns of Social Inequality and Exclusion PDF Download

NCERT Class 12 Sociology Part 1 Chapter 5, Patterns of Social Inequality and Exclusion, deals with how certain groups in society face unequal treatment and restricted opportunities. It explains concepts like social stratification, caste-based discrimination, gender inequality, economic disparity, and exclusion of marginalised communities. The chapter also includes examples from India, showing how these patterns

NCERT Class 12 Sociology Part 1 Chapter 5: Patterns of Social Inequality and Exclusion

NCERT Class 12 Sociology Part 1 Chapter 5, Patterns of Social Inequality and Exclusion, deals with how certain groups in society face unequal treatment and restricted opportunities. It explains concepts like social stratification, caste-based discrimination, gender inequality, economic disparity, and exclusion of marginalised communities. The chapter also includes examples from India, showing how these patterns operate in rural and urban areas, and how policies and social movements try to address them.

I am writing about this chapter because social inequality is not just a topic in sociology—it is something we can see in our surroundings every day. From the wage gap between men and women to the lack of access to quality education for certain castes, these issues affect the nation’s growth and fairness. For students, understanding these patterns is important not only for exams but also for becoming socially aware citizens. This chapter gives clear examples, case studies, and government initiatives that help explain the topic better. Sharing the official NCERT PDF will make it easy for students to get the authentic material they need for preparation.

Main Topics Covered in Chapter 5: Patterns of Social Inequality and Exclusion

  • Social Stratification – How society is divided into layers based on caste, class, and power
  • Caste and Discrimination – Historical and present-day examples of caste-based exclusion
  • Economic Inequality – Wealth and income gaps in rural and urban India
  • Gender Inequality – Differences in education, employment, and wages for men and women
  • Disabilities and Social Barriers – Challenges faced by differently-abled people
  • Religious Minorities – Issues related to representation and social acceptance
  • Efforts to Reduce Inequality – Constitutional provisions, laws, and social movements

Examples from India

  • Women earning less than men for the same work in many industries
  • Dalit students facing social barriers despite reservation policies
  • Rural poverty limiting access to healthcare and higher education
  • Self-help groups and NGOs improving economic opportunities for marginalised women

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NCERT Class 12 Sociology Part 1 Chapter 5: Patterns of Social Inequality and Exclusion

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